Global Japanese Data Rankings

Politics and government

Election and Democracy> [24]

Politician> [14]

Political party and organization> [9]

Parliament> [6]

Political awareness> [44]

Political action> [24]

Public officials> [13]

Public finance> [5]

	Republic of Korea
General government expenditures as % of GDP (2022)	27.6% [113/189 countries]
General government primary net lending/borrowing as % of GDP (2022)	-2.03% [88/180 countries]
General government gross debt as % of GDP (2022)	54% [100/185 countries]
% of those who are in favour of cuts in government spending (2016)	51.3% [27/35 countries]
% of those who are in favour of cuts in government spending (2006)	55.2% [26/33 countries]

Tax> [18]

Social security> [30]

Law and Justice> [7]

Population and Family

Economy and industry

Work

Education and media

Science and technology

Environment and energy

International relations

	Republic of Korea
Voter turnout in the national election	66.2% (2020) [93/199 countries]
Extent to which people think that it is important, in order to be a good citizen, always to vote in elections (2014)	6.01 [12/34 countries]
% of those who think that the last national election was fair regarding the opportunities of the candidates and parties to campaign (2014)	52.9% [19/34 countries]
% of those who think that referendums are a good way to decide important political questions (2014)	74.5% [5/34 countries]
% of those who are proud of their country in the way democracy works (2013)	55.0% [18/33 countries]
% of those who are proud of their country in the way democracy works (2003)	33.2% [28/34 countries]
% of those who think that giving people more say is the most important aim of the country out of maintaining national order/ giving people more say/ fighting rising prices/ protecting freedom of speech (2010)	15.8% [33/36 countries]
% of those who think that protecting freedom of speech is the most important aim of the country out of maintaining national order/ giving people more say/ fighting rising prices/ protecting freedom of speech (2010)	9.0% [22/36 countries]
Extent to which people think democracy works well in their country today (2014)	5.62 [13/34 countries]
Extent to which people think democracy worked well in their country 10 years ago (2014)	4.55 [27/34 countries]
Extent to which people think democracy will work well in their country 10 years from now (2014)	6.67 [6/34 countries]
Extent to which people think it important that all citizens have an adequate standard of living (2014)	5.86 [32/34 countries]
Extent to which people think it important that all citizens have an adequate standard of living (2004)	6.00 [36/38 countries]
Extent to which people think it important that government authorities respect and protect the rights of minorities (2014)	5.61 [30/34 countries]
Extent to which people think it important that government authorities respect and protect the rights of minorities (2004)	5.55 [36/38 countries]
Extent to which people think it important that people be given more opportunities to participate in public decision-making (2014)	6.01 [13/34 countries]
Extent to which people think it important that people be given more opportunities to participate in public decision-making (2004)	6.20 [12/38 countries]
Extent to which people think it important that citizens may engage in acts of civil disobedience when they oppose government actions (2014)	5.26 [13/34 countries]
Extent to which people think it important that citizens may engage in acts of civil disobedience when they oppose government actions (2004)	5.41 [9/37 countries]
Extent to which people think it important that governments respect democratic rights whatever the circumstances (2014)	5.90 [26/34 countries]
Extent to which people think it important that people convicted of serious crimes lose their citizen rights (2014)	5.22 [11/34 countries]
Extent to which people think it important that long-term residents of a country, who are not citizens, have the right to vote in that countryfs national elections (2014)	4.59 [10/34 countries]
Extent to which people think it important that citizens have the right not to vote (2014)	3.92 [31/34 countries]
Extent to which people think it important that health care be provided for everyone (2014)	6.10 [31/34 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Statutory number of members (As of February 16, 2023)	300 [40/190 countries]
Inhabitants per parliamentarian (2021)	168,647 [20/192 countries]
% of women in parliament (As of February 16, 2023)	19.06% [122/185 countries]
% of MPs 40 years of age or younger (As of February 16, 2023)	3.70% [138/143 countries]
Women in ministerial positions (% of all ministers) (2021)	27.8% [69/193 countries]
Average age of cabinet members (2018)	61.84 [2/35 countries]
% of those who trust politicians (2014)	20.2% [24/34 countries]
% of those who trust politicians (2010)	25.6% [16/36 countries]
% of those who trust politicians (2004)	22.8% [26/38 countries]
% of those who think that most politicians are in politics only for what they can get out of it personally (2010)	73.0% [12/36 countries]
% of those who think that many politicians are involved in corruption (2016)	72.0% [8/35 countries]
% of those who think that many politicians are involved in corruption (2006)	71.0% [6/33 countries]
% of those who think that most politicians are in politics only for their own interest (2014)	65.0% [14/34 countries]
% of those who think that most politicians are in politics only for their own interest (2004)	69.7% [11/38 countries]

	Republic of Korea
% of those who think that political parties encourage people to become active in politics (2014)	15.3% [33/34 countries]
% of those who think that political parties encourage people to become active in politics (2004)	21.7% [30/38 countries]
% of those who think that political parties do not give voters real policy choices (2014)	42.4% [23/34 countries]
% of those who think that political parties do not give voters real policy choices (2004)	55.6% [12/38 countries]
% of those who belong to a political party (2014)	5.0% [26/34 countries]
% of those who belong to a political party (2004)	3.5% [32/37 countries]
% of those who think that people who vote for the party/the parties in government have the most influence on the actions of the government (2016)	18.4% [4/35 countries]
Extent to which people think that it is important, in order to be a good citizen, to be active in social or political associations (2014)	4.27 [12/34 countries]
Extent to which people think that it is important, in order to be a good citizen, to be active in social or political associations (2004)	4.52 [11/38 countries]

	Republic of Korea
% of those who have confidence in parliament (2018)	35.0% [39/47 countries]
% of those who have confidence in parliament (2008)	30.1% [39/44 countries]
% of those who think that MPs try to keep the promises they have made during the election (2016)	10.9% [28/35 countries]
% of those who think that MPs try to keep the promises they have made during the election (2006)	14.6% [21/33 countries]
% of those who think that the parliament considers your action if you take action against an unjust or harmful law (2014)	24.2% [9/34 countries]
% of those who think that the parliament considers your action if you take action against an unjust or harmful law (2004)	34.9% [5/37 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Degree of interest in politics (5 steps) (2016)	2.59 [25/34 countries]
Degree of interest in politics (5 steps) (2006)	2.47 [27/34 countries]
% of those interested in politics (4 choices) (2014)	48.1% [20/34 countries]
% of those interested in politics (4 choices) (2007)	36.2% [18/33 countries]
% of those interested in politics (4 choices) (2004)	55.5% [14/38 countries]
% of those who think that their political position is left (2014)	4.6% [32/34 countries]
% of those who think that their political position is center (2014)	64.6% [2/34 countries]
% of those who think that their political position is right (2014)	12.9% [27/34 countries]
Average of political position (2014)	5.41 [9/34 countries]
% of those who often or sometimes discuss political matters with friends, relatives or fellow workers (2014)	54.2% [12/34 countries]
% of those who often or sometimes discuss political matters with friends, relatives or fellow workers (2004)	65.4% [4/38 countries]
% of those who read the political content of a newspaper every day (2014)	36.2% [6/23 countries]
% of those who never read the political content of a newspaper (2014)	29.0% [10/23 countries]
% of those who use the media to obtain political news or information every day (2014)	75.0% [13/34 countries]
% of those who never use the media to obtain political news or information (2014)	3.1% [25/34 countries]
% of those who watch political news on television every day (2014)	58.0% [9/23 countries]
% of those who never watch political news on television (2014)	6.6% [15/23 countries]
% of those who listen to political news on the radio every day (2014)	11.9% [21/23 countries]
% of those who never listen to political news on the radio (2014)	63.7% [4/23 countries]
% of those who use the Internet to obtain political news or information every day (2014)	43.9% [1/22 countries]
% of those who never use the Internet to obtain political news or information (2014)	26.6% [21/22 countries]
% of those who have expressed political views on the internet (2014)	5.5% [31/34 countries]
% of those who often or sometimes try to persuade your friends, relatives or fellow workers to share their political opinion (2014)	31.3% [19/34 countries]
% of those who often or sometimes try to persuade your friends, relatives or fellow workers to share their political opinion (2004)	39.8% [13/38 countries]
% of young people (-29) who often or sometimes discuss political matters with friends, relatives or fellow workers (2014)	0.5% [8/34 countries]
% of those who think that others are better informed about politics and government (2014)	34.2% [14/34 countries]
% of those who think that others are better informed about politics and government (2006)	56.6% [6/33 countries]
% of those who think that others are better informed about politics and government (2004)	49.7% [7/38 countries]
% of those who think that they understand political issues of the country (2016)	35.5% [28/35 countries]
% of those who think that they understand political issues of the country (2014)	33.8% [30/34 countries]
% of those who think that they understand political issues of the country (2006)	33.2% [26/33 countries]
% of those who think that they understand political issues of the country (2004)	35.2% [33/38 countries]
% of those who think that ordinary citizens have no political voice (2016)	30.9% [31/35 countries]
% of those who think that ordinary citizens have no political voice (2014)	53.3% [15/34 countries]
% of those who think that ordinary citizens have no political voice (2006)	38.7% [29/33 countries]
% of those who think that ordinary citizens have no political voice (2004)	60.7% [12/38 countries]
% of those who think that ordinary citizens have considerable influence on politics (2006)	51.3% [3/33 countries]
% of those who think that citizens in general has the most influence on the actions of the government (2016)	9.5% [10/35 countries]
% of those who do not think that the government cares much what people like them think (2014)	59.3% [14/34 countries]
% of those who do not think that the government cares much what people like them think (2004)	64.8% [16/38 countries]
Extent to which people think that it is important, in order to be a good citizen, to keep watch on the actions of government (2014)	5.51 [15/34 countries]
Extent to which people think that it is important, in order to be a good citizen, to keep watch on the actions of government (2004)	5.52 [19/38 countries]
Extent to which people think that it is important, in order to be a good citizen, to try to understand the reasoning of people with other opinions (2014)	5.57 [19/34 countries]
Extent to which people think that it is important, in order to be a good citizen, to try to understand the reasoning of people with other opinions (2004)	5.63 [23/37 countries]

	Republic of Korea
% of those who would take action when the parliament considers an unjust or harmful law (2014)	27.3% [27/34 countries]
% of those who would take action when the parliament considers an unjust or harmful law (2004)	43.7% [10/37 countries]
% of those who have attempted to contact a politician or a civil servant to express their views (2014)	7.5% [29/34 countries]
% of those who have attempted to contact a politician or a civil servant to express their views (2004)	10.4% [29/38 countries]
% of those who have donated money or raised funds for a social or political activity (2014)	27.9% [20/34 countries]
% of those who have donated money or raised funds for a social or political activity (2004)	27.1% [26/38 countries]
% of those who have signed a petition (2014)	40.1% [20/34 countries]
% of those who have signed a petition (2004)	49.1% [19/38 countries]
Extent to which people think that it is important, in order to be a good citizen, to choose products for political, ethical or environmental reasons, even if they cost a bit more (2014)	5.02 [5/34 countries]
Extent to which people think that it is important, in order to be a good citizen, to choose products for political, ethical or environmental reasons, even if they cost a bit more (2004)	5.15 [3/37 countries]
% of those who have attended a political meeting (2014)	9.1% [32/34 countries]
% of those who have attended a political meeting (2004)	11.9% [36/38 countries]
% of those who think that it should be allowed to organise public meetings to protest against the government (2016)	80.3% [23/35 countries]
% of those who think that it should be allowed to organise public meetings to protest against the government (2006)	87.5% [13/33 countries]
% of those who have attended demonstrations (2014)	13.9% [25/34 countries]
% of those who have attended demonstrations (2004)	18.6% [26/38 countries]
% of those who think that it should be allowed to organise protest marches and demonstrations (2016)	63.2% [29/35 countries]
% of those who think that it should be allowed to organise protest marches and demonstrations (2006)	63.3% [29/33 countries]
% of those who think that people who want to overthrow the government by revolution should be allowed to hold public meetings (2016)	49.1% [28/35 countries]
% of those who think that people who want to overthrow the government by revolution should be allowed to hold public meetings (2006)	44.4% [27/33 countries]
% of those who think that people who want to overthrow the government by force should be allowed to hold public meetings (2014)	11.4% [25/34 countries]
% of those who think that people who want to overthrow the government by force should be allowed to hold public meetings (2004)	9.3% [26/38 countries]
% of those who think that people who want to overthrow the government by revolution should be allowed to publish books expressing their views (2016)	58.5% [27/35 countries]
% of those who think that people who want to overthrow the government by revolution should be allowed to publish books expressing their views (2006)	63.2% [22/33 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Employment in general government as % of total employment	8.13% (2019) [32/33 countries]
% of central government employees aged 55 years or older (2020)	9.07% [38/38 countries]
% of those who trust in civil servants (2016)	21.5% [25/35 countries]
% of those who trust in civil servants (2006)	20.4% [25/33 countries]
% of those who think that the public service is committed to serve the people (2014)	47.9% [24/33 countries]
% of those who think that the public service is committed to serve the people (2004)	39.1% [31/38 countries]
Evaluation of control of corruption (0-100) (2021)	77.4 [48/209 countries]
% of those who think that few public officials are involved in corruption (2014)	22.4% [22/34 countries]
% of those who think that few public officials are involved in corruption (2006)	25.0% [16/33 countries]
% of those who think that few public officials are involved in corruption (2004)	20.4% [24/38 countries]
% of those who think that many public officials are involved in corruption (2016)	45.7% [18/35 countries]
% of those who say that they or their family have never come across a public official who hinted/ wanted a bribe in the last five years (2016)	84.7% [17/35 countries]
% of those who say that they or their family have never come across a public official who hinted/ wanted a bribe in the last five years (2006)	79.7% [20/35 countries]

	Republic of Korea
General government revenues as % of GDP (2022)	26% [99/189 countries]
Value Added Tax/ General Sales Tax - Rates (2021)	10.0% [31/35 countries]
Corporate income tax rate (central + sub-central) (2021)	27.50% [27/111 countries]
Taxes on income, profits and capital gains, % of GDP (2019)	9.1% [35/117 countries]
Social security contributions, % of GDP (2019)	7.3% [27/113 countries]
Taxes on property, % of GDP (2019)	3.1% [6/111 countries]
Taxes on goods and services, % of GDP (2019)	7.0% [92/117 countries]
% of those who think that taxes are too high for those with high incomes (2016)	7.5% [33/35 countries]
% of those who think that taxes are too high for those with high incomes (2009)	10.8% [35/41 countries]
% of those who think that taxes are too high for those with high incomes (2006)	8.3% [32/33 countries]
% of those who think that taxes are too low for those with high incomes (2016)	74.9% [2/35 countries]
% of those who think that taxes are too low for those with high incomes (2009)	74.5% [3/41 countries]
% of those who think that taxes are too low for those with high incomes (2006)	81.1% [1/33 countries]
% of those who think that people with high incomes should pay a larger % of their income in taxes than those with low incomes (2009)	93.6% [1/41 countries]
Extent to which people think that it is important, in order to be a good citizen, never to try to evade taxes (2014)	6.20 [12/34 countries]
Extent to which people think that it is important, in order to be a good citizen, never to try to evade taxes (2004)	6.25 [6/38 countries]
% of those who think that the tax authorities always/ often make sure people pay their taxes (2016)	54.0% [32/35 countries]
% of those who think that the tax authorities always/ often treat everyone in accordance with the law, regardless of their contacts or position in society (2016)	27.2% [33/35 countries]

	Republic of Korea
% of those who are proud of their country in its social security system (2013)	42.3% [20/33 countries]
% of those who are proud of their country in its social security system (2003)	17.3% [29/34 countries]
% of those who would like to see more government spending in old age pensions (2016)	55.1% [29/35 countries]
% of those who would like to see more government spending in old age pensions (2006)	77.5% [14/33 countries]
% of those who agree that the government is responsible for providing a decent standard of living for the old (2016)	84.0% [34/35 countries]
% of those who agree that the government is responsible for providing a decent standard of living for the old (2006)	90.0% [30/33 countries]
% of those who think that the government is successful in the provision of decent life for the old (2016)	33.6% [11/24 countries]
% of those who think that the government is successful in the provision of decent life for the old (2006)	19.6% [26/33 countries]
% of those who think that the government should primarily provide care for older people (2016)	51.9% [30/35 countries]
% of those who think that private companies should primarily provide care for older people (2016)	5.8% [13/35 countries]
% of those who think that family, relatives or friends should primarily provide care for older people (2016)	24.0% [7/35 countries]
% of those who think "government agencies should primarily provide help in everyday life for elderly people (2012)	54.1% [6/41 countries]
% of those who think that the government/public funds should primarily cover the costs of the help to elderly people (2012)	70.0% [9/41 countries]
Maternal leave benefits (% of wages) (2017)	100 [1/176 countries]
% of those who think that 1-6 months of paid parental leave is necessary (2012)	52.2% [8/41 countries]
% of those who think that 7-12 months of paid parental leave is necessary (2012)	29.1% [21/41 countries]
% of those who think that 13-36 months of paid parental leave is necessary (2012)	8.9% [22/41 countries]
% of those who think that 13-36 months of paid parental leave is necessary (2012)	4.3% [18/38 countries]
% of those who think that the government should pay for parental leave (2012)	29.0% [30/41 countries]
% of those who think that the employer should pay for parental leave (2012)	13.5% [11/41 countries]
% of those who think that both the government and the employer should pay for parental leave (2012)	57.4% [12/41 countries]
% of those who think the employers should primarily cover the costs of childcare for children under school age (2012)	5.8% [8/41 countries]
% of those who think the family itself should primarily cover the costs of childcare for children under school age (2012)	38.3% [37/41 countries]
% of those who think the government/public funds should primarily cover the costs of childcare for children under school age (2012)	55.9% [10/41 countries]
% of those who think government agencies should primarily provide childcare for children under school age (2012)	27.8% [14/41 countries]
% of those who think that the government should spend less on benefits for the poor (2009)	9.9% [27/41 countries]
% of those who agree that the government is responsible for providing decent housing for those who can't afford it (2016)	75.2% [28/35 countries]
% of those who agree that the government is responsible for providing decent housing for those who can't afford it (2006)	70.8% [30/33 countries]
Extent to which people think that it is important, in order to be a good citizen, to help people in the country who are worse off than themselves (2014)	5.22 [27/34 countries]
Extent to which people think that it is important, in order to be a good citizen, to help people in the country who are worse off than themselves (2004)	5.40 [27/38 countries]

	Republic of Korea
% of those who think that it is worse to convict an innocent person than to let a guilty person go free (2016)	59.5% [30/35 countries]
% of those who think that it is worse to convict an innocent person than to let a guilty person go free (2006)	69.6% [24/33 countries]
% of those who follow conscience rather than law on occasions (2 choices) (2016)	49.9% [16/35 countries]
% of those who follow conscience rather than law on occasions (2 choices) (2006)	58.7% [10/33 countries]
Extent to which people think that it is important, in order to be a good citizen, always to obey laws and regulations (2014)	6.14 [20/34 countries]
Extent to which people think that it is important, in order to be a good citizen, always to obey laws and regulations (2004)	6.19 [23/38 countries]
% of those who have confidence in the justice system (5 choices) (2018)	70.9% [23/47 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Population (ten thousands) (2021)	5,174.5 [28/216 countries]
Popuation growth (annual) (2021)	-0.2% [175/217 countries]
Popuation change in the last 20 years (2001-2021)	9.2% [165/217 countries]
0-14 years, % of the total population (2021)	12.3% [192/193 countries]
15-64 years, % of the total population (2021)	71.2% [12/193 countries]
65 years and over, % of the total population (2021)	16.6% [41/193 countries]
Life expectancy at birth - Both sexes (years) (2020)	83.4 [5/199 countries]
Life expectancy at birth - Female (years) (2020)	86.5 [4/199 countries]
Life expectancy at birth - Male (years) (2020)	80.5 [14/199 countries]
Population density (per square kilometer) (2021)	530.6 [22/216 countries]
Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population) (2021)	50.5 [10/121 countries]
% of those who think that population growth cannot be supported (2010)	41.8% [32/36 countries]
% of those who think that younger people should be medically prioritized over older people (2011)	54.3% [7/32 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Crude marriage rate (marriages per 1,000 population)	4.2 (2020) [18/45 countries]
Crude divorce rate (divorces per 1,000 population)	2.1 (2020) [12/44 countries]
Relative divorce rate (ratio of divorces to marriages in the latest year) (2008-2020)	0.50 [17/44 countries]
% of ever married at 50-54, men	92.1% (2015) [4/36 countries]
% of ever married at 50-54, women	96.3% (2015) [2/36 countries]
% of those who think that married people are generally happier than unmarried people (2012)	56.8% [3/32 countries]
% of those who think that people who want children ought to get married (2012)	80.3% [3/40 countries]
% of those who think that it is all right for a couple to live together without intending to get married (2012)	22.2% [31/32 countries]
% of those who think that a couple should divorce when their marriage does not work well (2012)	31.0% [32/32 countries]
% of those who think that adultery is always wrong (2018)	70.9% [23/46 countries]
% of those who think that adultery is always wrong (2008)	73.3% [12/44 countries]
% of those who think that sex before marriage is always wrong (2008)	27.6% [15/44 countries]
% of those who think that homosexuality is always wrong (2018)	51.9% [25/47 countries]
% of those who think that homosexuality is always wrong (2008)	71.9% [11/44 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) (2020)	0.84 [200/200 countries]
Crude birth rate (per 1,000 people) (2020)	5.3 [204/204 countries]
Mean age of women at childbirth (2020)	33.1 [1/43 countries]
% of those who think that their ideal number of children is 3 or more (2012)	51.1% [7/34 countries]
Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) (2017)	11 [141/183 countries]
Infant mortality rate (deaths per 1,000 live births) (2020)	2.6 [175/193 countries]
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) (2020)	3 [173/194 countries]
Adolescent fertility rate (Births per 1,000 women aged 15-19) (2020)	1.2 [193/194 countries]
% of births outside of marriage (2018)	2.2% [42/42 countries]
% of those who think that it is wrong for a woman to have an abortion if there is a strong chance of serious defect in the baby (2008)	20.5% [29/44 countries]
% of those who think that it is wrong for a woman to have an abortion if her family cannot afford any more children (2018)	41.7% [30/47 countries]

	Republic of Korea
% of elderly who live with their child(ren) (2010)	38.4% [2/5 countries]
% of elderly who live with their child(ren) (2005)	42.5% [2/4 countries]
% of elderly who live with their child(ren) (2000)	51.5% [2/5 countries]
% of elderly who live with their child(ren) (1995)	76.6% [1/4 countries]
% of elderly who live with their child(ren) (1990)	79.7% [1/4 countries]
% of elderly who live with their child(ren) (1980)	111.3% [1/3 countries]
% of elderly who contact their child(ren) not living together more than once a week (2010)	61.8% [4/5 countries]
% of elderly who contact their child(ren) not living together more than once a week (2005)	66.9% [2/4 countries]
% of elderly who contact their child(ren) not living together more than once a week (2000)	45.5% [5/5 countries]
% of elderly who contact their child(ren) not living together more than once a week (1995)	26.7% [4/4 countries]
% of elderly who contact their child(ren) not living together more than once a week (1990)	22.9% [4/4 countries]
% of those who think that adult children are an important source of help for elderly parents (2012)	60.5% [27/40 countries]
% of those who think that having children interferes too much with the freedom of parents (2012)	53.6% [2/40 countries]
% of those who think that one parent can bring up a child as well as two parents together (2012)	37.7% [26/31 countries]
% of those who think that watching children grow up is life's greatest joy (2012)	85.8% [33/40 countries]
% of those who think that children are a financial burden (2012)	53.1% [10/40 countries]
% of those who think that those with young children should be medically prioritized over those not (2011)	65.1% [3/32 countries]
% of those who think that a same sex female couple can bring up a child as well as a male-female couple (2012)	18.8% [23/31 countries]
% of those who think that a same sex male couple can bring up a child as well as a male-female couple (2012)	12.5% [24/31 countries]
% of those who think that having children increases people's social standing in society (2012)	37.9% [24/40 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Total public social expenditure on families as % of GDP (2017)	1.30% [34/37 countries]
Extent of satisfaction with family life (7 steps) (2012)	4.89 [40/41 countries]
Extent of satisfaction with the relationships with family members (7 steps) (2018)	5.48 [43/47 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Share prices (10 years ago as 100) (2021)	411 [17/42 countries]
% of currency and deposits in household financial assets	43.4% (2020) [11/38 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Cost of business start-up procedures (% of GNI per capita) (2019)	14.6% [62/190 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Prevalence of stunting in children under 5 (%) (2020)	2.2% [148/154 countries]
Prevalence of overweight in children under 5 (%) (2020)	8.8% [44/154 countries]

	Republic of Korea
International migrant stock (% of immigrants in the population) (2020)	3.4% [142/231 countries]
Refugee population by country or territory of asylum (2019)	3,196 [91/164 countries]
Refugee population by country or territory of asylum (per 10,000 people) (2019)	0.6 [131/157 countries]
% of those who experience migration (2008)	84.2% [10/44 countries]
% of those who experience international migration (2008)	2.9% [37/44 countries]
% of those who think that the number of immigrants to the country nowadays should be increased (2013)	17.1% [7/33 countries]
% of those who think that the number of immigrants to the country nowadays should be increased (2003)	25.5% [3/33 countries]
% of those who think that the number of immigrants to the country nowadays should be reduced (2013)	30.2% [31/33 countries]
% of those who think that the number of immigrants to the country nowadays should be reduced (2003)	36.1% [30/33 countries]
% of those who think that immigrants increase crime rates (2013)	52.7% [13/33 countries]
% of those who think that immigrants increase crime rates (2003)	33.0% [28/33 countries]
% of those who think that immigrants are generally good for the country's economy (2013)	50.7% [7/33 countries]
% of those who think that immigrants are generally good for the country's economy (2003)	53.9% [6/33 countries]
% of those who agree that immigrants take jobs away from people who were born in the country (2013)	26.9% [27/33 countries]
% of those who agree that immigrants take jobs away from people who were born in the country (2003)	23.6% [29/33 countries]
% of those who think that immigrants improve your country's society by bringing in new ideas and cultures (2013)	29.4% [24/33 countries]
% of those who think that immigrants improve your country's society by bringing in new ideas and cultures (2003)	28.6% [27/33 countries]
% of those who agree that it is impossible for people who do not share their country's customs and traditions to become fully their country's nationalty (2013)	47.4% [25/33 countries]
% of those who agree that it is impossible for people who do not share their country's customs and traditions to become fully their country's nationalty (2003)	55.6% [15/33 countries]
% of those who agree that ethnic minorities should be given government assistance to preserve their customs and traditions (2013)	64.8% [8/33 countries]
% of those who agree that ethnic minorities should be given government assistance to preserve their customs and traditions (2003)	62.4% [11/33 countries]
% of those who think that immigrants should give up original culture and adopt their culture (2013)	7.6% [24/33 countries]
% of those who think that it is better for society if different racial and ethnic groups maintain their distinct customs and traditions (2013)	49.5% [9/33 countries]
% of those who think that it is better for society if different racial and ethnic groups maintain their distinct customs and traditions (2003)	47.5% [15/34 countries]
% of those who agree that their country's culture is generally undermined by immigrants (2013)	17.0% [31/33 countries]
% of those who think that foreigners should not be allowed to buy land in this country (2013)	53.2% [14/33 countries]
% of those who think that foreigners should not be allowed to buy land in this country (2003)	58.3% [9/34 countries]
% of those who agree that legal immigrants to their country who are not citizens should have the same rights as their country's citizens (2013)	43.0% [13/33 countries]
% of those who agree that legal immigrants to their country who are not citizens should have the same rights as their country's citizens (2003)	68.8% [4/34 countries]
% of those who agree that their country should take stronger measures to exclude illegal immigrants (2013)	63.5% [27/33 countries]
% of those who agree that their country should take stronger measures to exclude illegal immigrants (2003)	62.1% [32/34 countries]
% of those who agree that legal immigrants should have equal access to public education (2013)	77.8% [14/33 countries]
% of those who think that people prejudiced against any racial or ethnic group should be allowed to hold public meetings (2014)	15.9% [21/34 countries]

	Republic of Korea
GDP (current US$, billions) (2021)	1,798.544 [10/192 countries]
GDP per capita (current US$) (2021)	34,801 [30/192 countries]
GDP per capita (PPP, current international$) (2021)	48,578 [30/192 countries]
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) (2021)	34,980 [25/173 countries]
Labour Productivity (GDP per hour worked, current PPP US$) (2020)	45.8 [28/35 countries]
Shadow economy, as % of GDP (2015)	19.8% [116/158 countries]
Total reserves (includes gold, 100 million US$) (2021)	4,633 [9/141 countries]
% of those who agree that the government is responsible for providing industry with the help it needs to grow (2016)	77.6% [26/35 countries]
% of those who agree that the government is responsible for providing industry with the help it needs to grow (2006)	88.5% [15/33 countries]
% of those who are proud of their country in its economic achievements (2013)	72.9% [7/33 countries]
% of those who are proud of their country in its economic achievements (2003)	45.4% [22/34 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Price level index - Gross Domestic Product [= the whole national economy] (OECD=100) (2017)	89 [21/49 countries]
Price level index - Food (OECD=100) (2017)	160 [1/49 countries]
Price level index - Bread and cereals (OECD=100) (2017)	146 [6/49 countries]
Price level index - Meat (OECD=100) (2017)	244 [1/49 countries]
Price level index - Fish (OECD=100) (2017)	94 [31/49 countries]
Price level index - Milk, cheese and eggs (OECD=100) (2017)	212 [1/49 countries]
Price level index - Fruits, vegetables, potatoes (OECD=100) (2017)	176 [2/49 countries]
Price level index - Non-alcoholic beverages (OECD=100) (2017)	160 [2/49 countries]
Price level index - Alcoholic beverages (OECD=100) (2017)	143 [8/49 countries]
Price level index - Tobacco (OECD=100) (2017)	72 [29/49 countries]
Price level index - Clothing and footwear (OECD=100) (2017)	152 [2/49 countries]
Price level index - Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels (OECD=100) (2017)	63 [27/49 countries]
Price level index - Hospital services (OECD=100) (2017)	66 [26/49 countries]
Price level index - Transport (OECD=100) (2017)	94 [27/49 countries]
Price level index - Communication (OECD=100) (2017)	68 [32/49 countries]
Price level index - Recreation and culture (OECD=100) (2017)	97 [20/49 countries]
Price level index - Education (OECD=100) (2017)	105 [15/49 countries]
Price level index - Restaurants and hotels (OECD=100) (2017)	115 [13/49 countries]
Price level index - Construction (OECD=100) (2017)	71 [22/49 countries]
Price level index - Services in total (OECD=100) (2017)	76 [23/49 countries]
Long-term interest rate (2021)	2.06% [6/37 countries]
% of those who agree that the government is responsible for keeping prices under control (2016)	93.1% [8/35 countries]
% of those who agree that the government is responsible for keeping prices under control (2006)	96.7% [3/33 countries]
% of those who think that fighting rising prices is the most important aim of the country out of maintaining national order/ giving people more say/ fighting rising prices/ protecting freedom of speech (2010)	50.9% [2/36 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Income inequality (gini coefficient) (2018)	0.345 [27/37 countries]
Poverty rate after taxes and transfers (% of those below 50% of the current median income) (2018)	16.7% [6/37 countries]
% of those who are dissatisfied with their earnings (2009)	49.7% [33/41 countries]
% of men who say that they have a higher income than their partner (2012)	71.4% [15/41 countries]
% of women who say that they have a higher income than their partner (2012)	13.2% [35/41 countries]
% of those who say that both partners have about the same income (2012)	19.0% [15/41 countries]
% of those who think that differences in income in the country are too large (2009)	90.2% [20/41 countries]
% of those who think that there is strong conflicts between poor people and rich people (2009)	87.5% [2/41 countries]
% of those who think that the government is responsible for reducing income inequality (5 choices) (2010)	69.0% [17/36 countries]
% of those who think that the government is responsible for reducing income inequality (5 choices) (2009)	75.1% [20/41 countries]
% of those who think that the government is responsible for reducing income inequality (4 choices) (2016)	79.1% [21/35 countries]

	Republic of Korea
% of those who think that their country is a society with a small elite at the top, very few people in the middle and the great mass of people at the bottom (2009)	19.1% [22/41 countries]
% of those who think that their country is a society like a pyramid with a small elite at the top, more people in the middle, and most at the bottom (2009)	35.0% [21/41 countries]
% of those who think that their country is a society like a pyramid except that just a few people are at the bottom (2009)	25.8% [8/41 countries]
% of those who think that their country is a society with most people in the middle (2009)	15.1% [17/41 countries]
% of those who think that their country is a society with many people near the top, and only a few near the bottom (2009)	5.0% [4/41 countries]
% of those who think that their country ought to be a society with a small elite at the top, very few people in the middle and the great mass of people at the bottom (2009)	0.6% [31/40 countries]
% of those who think that their country ought to be a society like a pyramid with a small elite at the top, more people in the middle, and most at the bottom (2009)	5.0% [22/41 countries]
% of those who think that their country ought to be a society like a pyramid except that just a few people are at the bottom (2009)	9.0% [33/41 countries]
% of those who think that their country ought to be a society with most people in the middle (2009)	64.0% [2/41 countries]

	Republic of Korea
% of those who think that they belong to the upper class (10 choices) (2009)	2.4% [35/41 countries]
% of those who think that they belong to the middle class (10 choices) (2009)	71.8% [25/41 countries]
% of those who think that they belong to the "Middle class" (6 choices) (2009)	43.3% [16/38 countries]
% of those who think that they belong to the "Lower middle class" (6 choices) (2009)	27.5% [2/36 countries]
% of those who think that they belong to the lower class (10 choices) (2009)	25.8% [13/41 countries]
% of those who think that they grew up in the upper class (10 choices) (2009)	5.9% [30/41 countries]
% of those who think that they grew up in the middle class (10 choices) (2009)	56.0% [36/41 countries]
% of those who think that they grew up in the lower class (10 choices) (2009)	38.1% [5/41 countries]
% of those who think that the social status of their job is higher than their fathers' job (2009)	37.7% [31/41 countries]
% of those who think that the social status of their job is lower than their fathers' job (2009)	29.3% [4/41 countries]
% of those who think that there is strong conflicts between people at the top of society and people at the bottom (2009)	84.7% [2/41 countries]
% of those who think that coming from a wealthy family is very important for getting ahead in life (2009)	45.9% [6/41 countries]
% of those who think that having well-educated parents is very important for getting ahead in life (2009)	40.7% [16/41 countries]
% of those who think that having a good education is very important for getting ahead in life (2009)	57.7% [36/41 countries]
% of those who think that having ambition is very important for getting ahead in life (2009)	70.8% [23/41 countries]
% of those who think that hard work is very important for getting ahead in life (2009)	86.3% [10/41 countries]
% of those who think that knowing the right people is very important for getting ahead in life (2009)	78.1% [3/41 countries]
% of those who think that having political connections is very important for getting ahead in life (2009)	26.0% [19/41 countries]
% of those who think that giving bribes is very important for getting ahead in life (2009)	6.9% [24/41 countries]
% of those who think that race is very important for getting ahead in life (2009)	8.2% [31/41 countries]
% of those who think that religion is very important for getting ahead in life (2009)	11.7% [10/41 countries]
% of those who think that man or woman is very important for getting ahead in life (2009)	10.0% [25/41 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP)	25.5% (2021) [9/193 countries]
% of employment of small and medium sized companies (1-249 employees) in manufacturing	72.8% (2018) [5/37 countries]
% of employment of large companies (250 and more employees) in manufacturing	27.2% (2018) [33/37 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Tourism, % of GDP	2.5% (2019) [17/18 countries]
% of employment of small and medium sized companies (1-249 employees) in Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles	96.3% (2018) [1/35 countries]

	Republic of Korea
% of those who have confidence in business and industry (2018)	62.9% [31/47 countries]
% of those who have confidence in business and industry (2008)	70.9% [23/44 countries]
% of those who think that private enterprise is the best way to solve their country's economic problems (2010)	47.2% [12/36 countries]
% of those who think that major private companies comply with laws and regulations (2016)	26.3% [33/35 countries]
% of those who think that major private companies try to avoid paying their taxes (2016)	61.7% [10/35 countries]
% of those who agree that large international companies are doing more and more damage to local businesses in the country (2013)	43.2% [26/33 countries]
% of those who agree that large international companies are doing more and more damage to local businesses in the country (2003)	45.3% [33/34 countries]
% of those who have joined in boycotts (2014)	26.4% [19/34 countries]

	Republic of Korea
% of those who think that business, banks and industry have the most influence on the actions of the government (2016)	13.0% [28/35 countries]
% of those who are in favour of less government regulation of business (2016)	48.7% [19/35 countries]
% of those who are in favour of less government regulation of business (2006)	68.9% [2/33 countries]
% of those who are in favour of government support for industry to develop new products and technology (2016)	81.0% [22/35 countries]
% of those who are in favour of government support for industry to develop new products and technology (2006)	90.9% [10/33 countries]
% of those who are in favour of government support for declining industries to protect jobs (2016)	65.8% [16/35 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Labor participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15-64) (2021)	78.0% [29/38 countries]
Labor participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15-64) (2021)	59.9% [31/38 countries]
Labor participation rate, male (% of male population ages 35-44) (2021)	92.6% [24/38 countries]
Labor participation rate, female (% of female population ages 35-44) (2021)	61.3% [36/38 countries]
Employment rate, 60-64 years old (% of population ages 60-64), men (2021)	77.3% [8/38 countries]
Employment rate, 60-64 years old (% of population ages 60-64), women (2021)	55.5% [23/38 countries]
Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (2019)	5.1% [139/187 countries]
Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (2019)	5.1% [139/187 countries]
Employment in industry (% of total employment) (2019)	24.6% [48/187 countries]
Employment in services (% of total employment) (2019)	70.3% [49/187 countries]
% of men who prefer a full time job (2005)	54.6% [31/31 countries]
% of women who prefer a full time job (2005)	34.7% [26/31 countries]
% of those who agree that the government is responsible for providing a job for everyone who wants one (2016)	59.6% [25/35 countries]
% of those who agree that the government is responsible for providing a job for everyone who wants one (2006)	70.1% [19/33 countries]
% of those who are in favour of government financing of projects to create new jobs (2016)	85.2% [17/35 countries]
% of those who are in favour of government financing of projects to create new jobs (2006)	92.8% [9/33 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Gender wage gap (comparison of median)	31.5% (2020) [1/27 countries]
% of those who agree that the government is responsible for promoting equality between men and women (2016)	57.0% [35/35 countries]
Maternal employment rate - child under 15	57.0% (2019) [38/40 countries]
Share of female managers	16.3% (2021) [38/39 countries]
Female share of the directors of the largest publicly listed companies (2021)	8.7% [43/43 countries]
% of those who think that a husband's job is to earn money; a wife's job is to look after the home and family (2018)	26.4% [25/47 countries]
% of those who think that a husband's job is to earn money; a wife's job is to look after the home and family (2012)	38.5% [14/32 countries]
% of those who think that a husband's job is to earn money; a wife's job is to look after the home and family (2008)	38.1% [12/44 countries]
% of those who do not think that family life suffers when the woman has a full-time job (2012)	20.8% [27/32 countries]
% of those who think that both husband and wife should contribute to household income (5 choices) (2012)	69.5% [26/32 countries]
% of those who think that being a housewife is just as fulfilling as working for pay (5 choices) (2012)	77.9% [2/32 countries]
% of those who think that what most women really want is a home and children (2012)	43.6% [14/32 countries]
% of those who think that working mothers have no bad influence over children (5 choices) (2012)	65.2% [20/32 countries]
% of those who do not think that a pre-school child is likely to suffer if his or her mother works (2012)	16.1% [32/32 countries]
% of those who think that the mother and the father should each take half of paid parental leave (2012)	30.8% [17/41 countries]
% of those who think that the mother should take most of the paid leave period and the father should take some of it. (2012)	46.7% [10/41 countries]
% of those who think that the mother should take the entire paid parental leave (2012)	22.1% [27/41 countries]
% of those who think that no paid parental leave is necessary (2012)	5.5% [25/41 countries]
% of those who think that women should work outside the home full-time when there is a child under school age (2012)	9.7% [30/41 countries]
% of those who think that both mother and father should work full-time when they have a child under school age (2012)	9.3% [24/41 countries]
% of those who think that both mother and father should work part-time when they have a child under school age (2012)	4.8% [23/41 countries]
% of those who think that women should stay at home when there is a child under school age (2012)	45.3% [7/41 countries]
% of those who think that mother should stay at home and father should work full-time when they have a child under school age (2012)	42.2% [20/41 countries]
% of those who think that mother should work part-time and father should work full-time when they have a child under school age (2012)	42.8% [13/41 countries]
% of those who think it is least desirable that both mother and father work full-time when they have a child under school age (2012)	33.0% [20/41 countries]
% of those who think it is least desirable that father stay at home and mother work full-time when they have a child under school age (2012)	52.5% [9/40 countries]
% of those who think it is least desirable that mother stay at home and father work full-time when they have a child under school age (2012)	3.1% [34/41 countries]
% of those who think that women should work outside the home full-time after the youngest child starts school (2012)	32.2% [27/41 countries]
% of those who think that women should stay at home after the youngest child starts school (2012)	14.2% [11/41 countries]
% of women who say that they care for sick family members (2012)	66.3% [5/41 countries]

	Republic of Korea
% of those who think that employees have more job security than the self-employed (2005)	68.2% [4/31 countries]
% of those who think that being an employee interferes more with family life than self-employment (2005)	21.3% [23/31 countries]
% of those who prefer being an employee to being self-employed (2005)	34.5% [28/31 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Part-time employment - male	10.7% (2021) [14/37 countries]
Part-time employment - female	23.2% (2021) [18/37 countries]
Temporary employment - male as % of dependent employment	25.3% (2021) [4/36 countries]
Temporary employment - female as % of dependent employment	32.0% (2021) [1/36 countries]
Temporary employment - 15-24 years as % of dependent employment	34.9% (2021) [17/36 countries]

	Republic of Korea
% of those who think that it would be easy to find a job (2005)	18.6% [22/31 countries]
% of those who would turn down another job that offered quite a bit more pay in order to stay with the current organization (2005)	37.8% [6/31 countries]

	Republic of Korea
% of those who think that job security is very important in a job (2005)	96.7% [8/31 countries]
% of those who think that high income is very important in a job (2005)	92.6% [10/31 countries]
% of those who think that good opportunities for advancement is very important in a job (2005)	91.1% [7/31 countries]
% of those who think that being interesting is very important in a job (2005)	91.1% [20/31 countries]
% of those who think that working independently is very important in a job (2005)	70.8% [24/31 countries]
% of those who think that helping other people is very important in a job (2005)	83.1% [10/31 countries]
% of those who think that being useful to society is very important in a job (2005)	85.8% [8/31 countries]
% of those who think that deciding times or days of work is very important in a job (2005)	68.1% [11/31 countries]
% of those who think that their job is secure (2005)	40.2% [31/31 countries]
% of those who think that their job gives high income (2005)	15.7% [28/31 countries]
% of those who think that their job gives high opportunities for advancement (2005)	24.7% [17/31 countries]
% of those who think that their job is interesting (2005)	42.6% [31/31 countries]
% of those who think that they can work independently (2005)	58.2% [25/31 countries]
% of those who think that they can help other people in their job (2005)	58.5% [28/31 countries]
% of those who think that their job is useful to society (2005)	48.9% [31/31 countries]
% of those who think that their job gives a chance to improve their skills (2005)	41.1% [31/31 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Unemployment rate: all ages, male and female (2021)	3.6% [34/38 countries]
Unemployment rate: all ages, male (2021)	3.6% [35/38 countries]
Unemployment rate: all ages, female (2021)	3.7% [34/38 countries]
Unemployment rate: 15-24 years old, male and female (2021)	8.5% [33/38 countries]
Long-term (1 year and over) unemployment rate: all ages, male and female	1.2% (2021) [37/37 countries]
Long-term (1 year and over) unemployment rate: all ages, male	1.5% (2021) [37/37 countries]
Long-term (1 year and over) unemployment rate: all ages, female	0.9% (2021) [37/37 countries]
% of those who worry about the possibility of losing your job a great deal or to some extent (2005)	25.1% [13/31 countries]
% of those who agree that the government is responsible for providing a decent standard of living for the unemployed (2016)	65.7% [25/34 countries]
% of those who agree that the government is responsible for providing a decent standard of living for the unemployed (2009)	81.0% [12/41 countries]
% of those who agree that the government is responsible for providing a decent standard of living for the unemployed (2006)	70.2% [19/33 countries]
% of those who would like to see more government spending in unemployment benefits (2016)	44.1% [16/34 countries]
% of those who would like to see more government spending in unemployment benefits (2006)	44.1% [13/32 countries]
% of those who think that the government is successful in the policy against unemployment (2006)	5.6% [32/33 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Public expenditure for active labor policy, % of GDP	0.38% (2019) [15/32 countries]

	Republic of Korea
Average annual hours actually worked per worker	1,915 (2021) [5/38 countries]
Time spent for paid work or study (men and women, minutes per day per person, including commuting time)	344.5 (2014) [3/33 countries]
Time spent for paid work or study (men, minutes per day per person, including commuting time)	419.0 (2014) [3/33 countries]
Time spent for paid work or study (women, minutes per day per person, including commuting time)	269.4 (2014) [6/33 countries]
Time spent for commuting (men and women, minutes per day per person)	56.9 (2014) [1/33 countries]
Time spent for commuting (men, minutes per day per person)	72.4 (2014) [1/32 countries]
Time spent for commuting (women, minutes per day per person)	41.3 (2014) [1/33 countries]
% of those who are in favour of reducing the working week to create more jobs (2016)	57.3% [8/35 countries]
% of those who are in favour of reducing the working week to create more jobs (2006)	59.0% [6/33 countries]
% of those willing to accept longer commuting to avoid unemployment (2005)	46.3% [18/31 countries]
% of those who prefer to work longer hours and earn more money (2005)	39.0% [10/31 countries]
% of those who prefer to work the same number of hours and earn the same money (2005)	46.9% [24/31 countries]
% of those who prefer to work fewer hours and earn less money (2005)	14.1% [5/31 countries]
% of those who would like to have more time in a job (2007)	52.6% [5/34 countries]
% of those who would like to have more time in a job (2005)	53.0% [6/31 countries]
% of those who would like to have less time in a job (2007)	15.1% [32/34 countries]
% of those who would like to have less time in a job (2005)	13.8% [26/31 countries]
% of those who can decide themselves when to start/ finish work (2005)	61.5% [6/31 countries]
% of those who can decide themselves how to organize work (2005)	75.9% [15/31 countries]
% of those who enjoy 5 or less days of leave (2007)	62.6% [11/34 countries]
% of those who enjoy more than 20 days of leave (2007)	7.1% [30/34 countries]
% of those who can take an hour or two off during working hours (2005)	61.8% [17/31 countries]